{"id":3405,"date":"2026-05-21T17:27:38","date_gmt":"2026-05-21T14:27:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scienceclubacademy.com\/?p=3405"},"modified":"2026-05-21T17:32:24","modified_gmt":"2026-05-21T14:32:24","slug":"statistical-analysis-service","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scienceclubacademy.com\/ar\/statistical-analysis-service\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a: \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\"\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a (Statistical Analysis) \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \n

    \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629:<\/b> \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a:<\/b> \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/b> \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d:<\/b> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0643 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n

    \u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
    \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
    SPSS<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/span><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    R \/ Python<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 (\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629)<\/span><\/td>\n\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    Excel<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n\u0633\u0647\u0644<\/span><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    AMOS<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (SEM)<\/span><\/td>\n\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
    SAS<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/td>\n\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645<\/span><\/td>\n\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

    \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h2>\n

    \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0635\u064a\u0646\u0629:<\/p>\n

    1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a (Descriptive Statistics)<\/h3>\n

    \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629:<\/b> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a:<\/b> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/b><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (Inferential Statistics)<\/h3>\n

      \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \n

        \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a” (T-test).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 (ANOVA).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

      • \n

        \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a (Linear Regression).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061f (\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644)<\/h2>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n

        \n
        \n
        \n
        \n
        \n

        1.\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 (Data Coding):<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c.<\/span><\/p>\n

        \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 (\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f) \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

        \n
        \n
        \n

        2.\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (Data Cleaning):<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

        \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0630\u0629 (Outliers)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

        \n
        \n
        \n

        3.\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a (Reliability and Validity):<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

        \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646) \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 “\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e” (Cronbach’s Alpha).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

        \n
        \n
        \n

        4.\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

        \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 T-test \u0623\u0648 ANOVA) \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

        \n
        \n
        \n

        5.\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

        \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

        \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n

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        \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0636\u0644\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n

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        \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/h2>\n

        \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \n

          \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/b> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/b> \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629:<\/b> \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

        • \n

          \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f:<\/b> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n

          \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/h3>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0641\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 P-Value<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0636\u0644\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a (FAQs)<\/h2>\n

          \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 (Featured Snippets)\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n

          1. \u0643\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u061f<\/b><\/p>\n

          \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0646 3 \u0625\u0644\u0649 7 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635.<\/p>\n

          2. \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c SPSS \u0641\u0642\u0637\u061f<\/b><\/p>\n

          \u0644\u0627\u060c SPSS \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 AMOS \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 R \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/p>\n

          3. \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u061f<\/b><\/p>\n

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          4. \u0647\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u061f<\/b><\/p>\n

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          \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a: \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629: \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0643 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643. \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627: \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 SPSS \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 R \/ Python \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 (\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629) \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 Excel \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 AMOS \u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (SEM) \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 SAS \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0635\u064a\u0646\u0629: 1. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a (Descriptive Statistics) \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645: \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0644. \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629. 2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (Inferential Statistics) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a” (T-test). \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 (ANOVA). \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a (Linear Regression). \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u061f (\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a: 1.\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 (Data Coding):\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 (\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f) \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627. 2.\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (Data Cleaning): \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0630\u0629 (Outliers)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644. 3.\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a (Reliability and Validity): \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646) \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 “\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062e” (Cronbach’s Alpha). 4.\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a)\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 T-test \u0623\u0648 ANOVA) \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a. 5.\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u062f\u0648\u0631 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