{"id":2338,"date":"2026-01-30T02:37:22","date_gmt":"2026-01-30T00:37:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scienceclubacademy.com\/?p=2338"},"modified":"2026-01-30T22:32:47","modified_gmt":"2026-01-30T20:32:47","slug":"%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%ad%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a-%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scienceclubacademy.com\/ar\/%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%86%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%ad%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%8a-%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a 01027550208"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0631\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/span><\/span>. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u064f\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627: <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u0625\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c SPSS \u0623\u0648 R \u0623\u0648 Stata \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a\u061b \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637. \u0647\u062f\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 “\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u061f” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 “\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u061f”. \u0633\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 <\/span><\/span>\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/span><\/span> \u0648<\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0643 \u0644\u0640<\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645: <\/span><\/span>01027550208<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
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\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0633\u062e \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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1. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
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\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Null Hypothesis – H0):<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062f\u062d\u0636\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 (Alternative Hypothesis – Ha):<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631:<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0627 “\u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a” \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 <\/span><\/span>\u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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2. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Significance Level – \u03b1)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0640 <\/span><\/span>\u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 (\u03b1)<\/span><\/span>. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629:<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u03b1 \u0639\u0646\u062f <\/span><\/span>0.05<\/span><\/span> (\u0623\u064a 5%).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649:<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u03b1 = 0.05\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0623 5% \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

3. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (P-value)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0640 <\/span><\/span>P-value<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 (\u0623\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627) \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a:<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
P-value < \u03b1 (0.05)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642\/\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\/\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
P-value \u2265 \u03b1 (0.05)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642\/\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\/\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a:<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 P-value \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a” \u0647\u064a 0.001\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.05\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 1: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Descriptive Tables):<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (Test Tables):<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 t \u0623\u0648 F)\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 (df)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Sig. \u0623\u0648 P-value).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 2: \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a (Descriptive Statistics)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
1.<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a (Means):<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 (\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636) \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
2.<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (Standard Deviation):<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
3.<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (Frequencies and Percentages):<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a). \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 3: \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (Inferential Statistics)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640 P-value.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
1.<\/span><\/span>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (Test Statistic):<\/span><\/span> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 t \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a”\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 F \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
2.<\/span><\/span>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Degrees of Freedom – df):<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
3.<\/span><\/span>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (P-value):<\/span><\/span> \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 4: \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629:<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u061f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631:<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u061f (\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/span><\/span> \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n

\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\"\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

1. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a” (T-Test)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a” \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a”<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 (H0)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0627.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631:<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
1.<\/span><\/span>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 (Levene’s Test):<\/span><\/span> \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a” \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 (Sig. > 0.05) \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a (Sig. < 0.05). \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 t \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Sig.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
2.<\/span><\/span>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Sig. (P-value):<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/span><\/span>Sig. < 0.05<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 H0 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/span><\/span>Sig. \u2265 0.05<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 H0 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
3.<\/span><\/span>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642:<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u064f\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a (Means) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

2. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a (One-Way ANOVA)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631:<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
1.<\/span><\/span>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 ANOVA (Source Table):<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 F:<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Sig. (P-value):<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
2.<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/span><\/span>Sig. < 0.05<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 H0 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a <\/span><\/span>\u0643\u0643\u0644<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
3.<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 (Post-hoc Tests):<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 ANOVA \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 Tukey \u0623\u0648 Scheff\u00e9) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

3. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 (Correlation)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648 <\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 (Pearson’s r)<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631:<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
1.<\/span><\/span>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 (r):<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 -1 \u0648 +1.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 +1:<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 -1:<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 0:<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
2.<\/span><\/span>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Sig. (P-value):<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/span><\/span>Sig. < 0.05<\/span><\/span>\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

4. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f (Regression)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637) \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 (\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631:<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f (R-squared):<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 1\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 (Beta Coefficients):<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Sig. \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n

\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\"\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

1. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 “\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627” (P-value < 0.05)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/span><\/span> \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644:<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 (Effect Size) \u0645\u062b\u0644 <\/span><\/span>\u0643\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u064a (Cohen’s d)<\/span><\/span> \u0623\u0648 <\/span><\/span>\u0625\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 (Eta-squared)<\/span><\/span>. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

2. \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n
\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u061f<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (Type I Error)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 P-value < 0.05\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (Type II Error)<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 P-value \u2265 0.05\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647 (\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621:<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u03b1 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 0.01 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 0.05) \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

3. \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (Assumptions)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 T-test \u0648 ANOVA) \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646).<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a:<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span> (Non-parametric tests) \u0643\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 T-test).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

4. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 (Non-Significant Results)<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 “\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627”. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0641\u0636.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d:<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633: \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
\n

1. \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
1.<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629:<\/span><\/span> \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0647\u0644).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
2.<\/span><\/span>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
3.<\/span><\/span>\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/span><\/span> \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (P-value)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

2. \u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0643\u0640<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629:<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642:<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641:<\/span><\/span> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a:<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

3. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644:<\/span><\/span> \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u2022<\/span><\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Graphs):<\/span><\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n

\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 <\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0643\u0645.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0643.<\/span><\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n
\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
\n

01027550208<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 “\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u061f” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 “\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u061f”. \u0633\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0643 \u0644\u0640\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645: 01027550208. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0633\u062e \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631. 1. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u2022\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Null Hypothesis – H0): \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062f\u062d\u0636\u0647\u0627. \u2022\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 (Alternative Hypothesis – Ha): \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0627 “\u064a\u062b\u0628\u062a” \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629. 2. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Significance Level – \u03b1) \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0640 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 (\u03b1). \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644). \u2022\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629: \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u03b1 \u0639\u0646\u062f 0.05 (\u0623\u064a 5%). \u2022\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u03b1 = 0.05\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0623 5% \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629. 3. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (P-value) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0640 P-value \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 (\u0623\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627) \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644. \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a P-value < \u03b1 (0.05) \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642\/\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\/\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631. P-value \u2265 \u03b1 (0.05) \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642\/\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\/\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 P-value \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a” \u0647\u064a 0.001\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.05\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 1: \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c. \u2022\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Descriptive Tables): \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u2022\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a (Test Tables): \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 t \u0623\u0648 F)\u060c \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 (df)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Sig. \u0623\u0648 P-value). \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 2: \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a (Descriptive Statistics) \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644. 1.\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a (Means): \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 (\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636) \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645. 2.\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a (Standard Deviation): \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. 3.\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (Frequencies and Percentages): \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a). \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 3: \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a (Inferential Statistics) \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0640 P-value. 1.\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (Test Statistic): \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 t \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a”\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 F \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a. 2.\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Degrees of Freedom – df): \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a. 3.\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 (P-value): \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 4: \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629. \u2022\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629: \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u061f \u2022\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u061f (\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629). \u2022\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a: \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. 1. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a” (T-Test) \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a” \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629: \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a” \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 (H0) \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b). \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646. \u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0627. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a. \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631: 1.\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 (Levene’s Test): \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 “\u062a” \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 (Sig. > 0.05) \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a (Sig. < 0.05). \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 t \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Sig. 2.\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Sig. (P-value): \u2022\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a Sig. < 0.05\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 H0 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u2022\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a Sig. \u2265 0.05\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 H0 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u064a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. 3.\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u064f\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0630\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a (Means) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. 2. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a (One-Way ANOVA) \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629). \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631: 1.\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 ANOVA (Source Table): \u2022\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 F: \u0647\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u2022\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Sig. (P-value): \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631. 2.\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u2022\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a Sig. < 0.05\u060c \u0646\u0631\u0641\u0636 H0 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0643\u0644. 3.\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 (Post-hoc Tests): \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 ANOVA \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 Tukey \u0623\u0648 Scheff\u00e9) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636. 3. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 (Correlation) \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 (Pearson’s r). \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631: 1.\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 (r): \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 -1 \u0648 +1. \u2022\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 +1: \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631). \u2022\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 -1: \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631). \u2022\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 0: \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0629. 2.\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Sig. (P-value): \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u2022\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a Sig. < 0.05\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629. 4. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f (Regression) \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637) \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 (\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631: \u2022\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f (R-squared): \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 1\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u2022\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 (Beta Coefficients): \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624. \u2022\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 Sig. \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a. 1. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 “\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627” (P-value < 0.05)\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639. \u2022\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u2022\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 (Effect Size) \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u064a (Cohen’s d) \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u064a\u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639 (Eta-squared). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. 2. \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a) \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u061f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (Type I Error) \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 P-value < 0.05\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (Type II Error) \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 P-value \u2265 0.05\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0647 (\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u03b1 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 0.01 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 0.05) \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a. 3. \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (Assumptions) \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 T-test \u0648 ANOVA) \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646). \u2022\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629. \u2022\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644: \u2022\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a). \u2022\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Non-parametric tests) \u0643\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 T-test). 4. \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 (Non-Significant Results) \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 “\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627”. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0641\u0636. \u2022\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629. \u2022\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 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More<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2339,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[200],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-200"],"yoast_head":"\n\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0631\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 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